Recommended reading path
Before blaming Hibernate for slow queries, look at the underlying mechanism: JDBC. A significant portion of latency in Java persistence comes not from the query execution itself, but from the data transfer between the application and the database. High-performance Java Persistence.pdf
Just because you have an @Entity class doesn't mean you should use it for read-only views. Mapping a full Entity with all its relationships just to display a username and email is wasteful. ✅ The Fix: Use Constructor Expressions (DTO projections). You skip the Dirty Checking mechanism and the Persistence Context overhead. Recommended reading path Before blaming Hibernate for slow