: A modern literary example that examines the fraught but deep love between an immigrant mother and her son. Emma Donoghue,

In , the mother-son relationship is refracted through the lens of immigration, war trauma, and mental illness. Written as a letter from a Vietnamese-American son to his illiterate mother, the novel tries to bridge an unbridgeable gap. The mother, Rose, is a survivor of the Vietnam War, a former nail salon worker whose body and mind are scarred by violence. Her son, “Little Dog,” loves her but cannot fully know her. The relationship is one of immense tenderness and profound loneliness—a son trying to translate his own queer, American life back into a language his mother can understand.